Story Elements Related to students' development by Grade

Story Element
Kindergarten
1-2 grade
3-4 grade
5-6 grade
Characters

Recognize main character

Identify characters' moods (happy, sad, angry, helping, mad, )

Recognize that character's actions are related to their moods and personalities.

Identify personality traits of characters (good, bad, selfish, greedy, mean, shy, friendly, caring, cooperative, ...)

Recognize main character in a story

Understand that the story is about the main character

Understand that the story's creator often uses feelings to describe the characters and make a more interesting story

 

Recognize that characters may change from the beginning to the end of a story

Recognize characters' development may or may not be important for the story

Identify the feelings that characters are described as having

 

Recognize that characters are able to have all the characteristics a human can have and more

Recognize that characters may be created with any characteristic that a creator chooses weather it is real or imaginary.

Recognizes that characters are developed by their actions, speech, appearance, comments, and other characters' actions and the author's choice of words.

Recognize and sympathize or empathize with the plight of the character

Recognize that characters usually change within the plot of the story

Recognize implied thoughts and feelings related to the characters

Plot
Can retell simple linear stories by chaining events.

Recognize the beginning, middle, and end of a story

Recognize a problem and resolution within a story

Recognize the climax as the most exciting part of a story

Predict the outcome of a story using the clues provided by the creator

Identify conflict and tension in a story

Recognize that creators use a variety of strategies and patterns to make stories interesting

Recognize that several conflicts can happen in a story and may or may not build toward the climax and resolution

Recognize that many stories have conflict caused by a struggle between characters (a protagonist and antagonist)

Understand complicated plots

Recognize stories within stories

Recognize strategies that authors use to create suspense during the development of the plot

Recognize that most plots follow a general pattern

Recognize a variety of interactions or conflicts (person vs. person, person vs. self, person vs. society, person vs. nature...)

Setting

Can relate where the story happened.

Can tell the time as day or night, winter, summer, fall, or spring, holiday

Identify where the story takes place

Begin to understand that the selections of different kinds of settings are important for story and tone (it was a dark and stormy night)

Explain how the setting is or isn't important for the story and tone

Describe how the story and characters are affected by the setting

Recognize all stories have settings

Recognize time can move steadily forward or jump forward or backward in leaps of time

Recognize that settings can be used to create tone and develop plot

Theme
Tell theme as a simple morale (It's good to help. Its not nice to be mean.).

Recognize that stories have a main idea

Identify general explicit themes in some stories

Begin to identify implicit themes in some stories

Understand that the story is about the theme

Recognize a variety of themes

Recognize that a story may have multiple themes

Understand implied themes

Point of View
When asked who is telling the story will answer a character or creator (author, writer..)

recognize first person narration

Recognize that the author isn't always the story teller or main character

Recognize the omniscient (knowing everything) narrator

Recognize all points of view

Recognize that a point of view may change in a story

Recognize that point of view can be used to assist the development of a style and tone

Style
Recognize word patterns and repeat ones they think are interesting.

recognize style that is most concrete (rhyme, alliteration)

recognize with a little more practice (assonance, consonance, rhythm)

Picture in their mind's eye, from reading or listening to imagery, images from real their life experience that relate to the author's description.

Recognize figures of speech (simile, metaphor, hyperbole, allusion)

Understand puns, word plays, and figures of speech

Can recognize most kinds of style with samples or other kinds of assists

Recognize symbols in literature

Tone

Can look at picture books and describe the tone with regards to the illustrations. (Happy, sad, stormy..)

Recognize sad, happy, and other emotions that are in a story

Describe how the creator described the characters and told a story

Recognize humor

Describe how the tone relates to the story

Read aloud with inflection that indicates an understanding of the creator's tone

Can recognize a wide variety of tones.(absurd, parody, condescending, didactic,

Created in EDU 600 summer 2000 and refined summer 2003

Title and copyright
Robert D. Sweetland's Professional Notebook ©