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People have different external features (size, shape, color of hair, skin, and eyes) but are more alike than like other animals.

People need food, water, air, waste removal, and a particular range of temperatures in their environments, just as other animals do.

People tend to live in families and communities and care for each other.

All animals have offspring.

A human baby grows inside its mother until birth. After birth it is not able to care for itself and survival depends on other humans.

Humans make technology to do things.

Artifacts and preserved remains provide evidence of the physical properties and possible behavior of human beings that lived long ago.

It takes nine months for a human embryo to develop. Embryos are nourished by their mother. The substances a mother takes affects the how well or poorly the baby develops. People are able to have children before they can care for them.

Humans have body systems for obtaining and providing energy, defense, reproduction, and the coordination of body functions similar to other animals.

Technologies have improved the standards of life (food production, sanitation, disease prevention, and people with diabilities).

The length and quality of human life are influenced by many factors (sanitation, diet, medical care, sex, genes, environmental conditions, and personal health behaviors.

Humans have many similarities and differences. The similarities make it possible for humans to reproduce, donate blood and body organs to one another throughout the world. The differences enable them to create diverse social and cultural arrangements and to solve problems in a variety of ways.

Fossil evidence is consistent with the idea that humans evolved from earlier species.

Fertilization occurs when sperm cells from a male's testes are deposited near an egg cell that was discharged from the females ovary, and one of the sperm cells enters the egg cell. Most of the time a sperm never arrives or an egg isn't available.

Contraceptive devices may incapacitate sperm, block their way to the egg cell, prevent the release of eggs, or prevent the fertilized egg from implanting successfully.

Following fertilization, cell division produces a small cluster of cells that then differentiate by appearance and function to form the basic tissues of an embryo. During the first three months of pregnancy, organs begin to form. During the second three months all organs and body features develop. During the last three months, the organs and features mature enough to function well after birth. Similar to other vertebrates.

The developing embryo and infant may encounter risks from genes, inadequate diet, drug use, infection, and health care that may cause lower physical and mental activity.

Body changes with age. Muscles and joints become less flexible, bones and muscles lose mass, energy levels diminish, and the senses become less acute. Women stop releasing eggs and hence no longer reproduce.

Human body has parts to find, get, and consume food (hunger, eyes, nose, mouth, legs, arms, digestive system).

Senses warn people about danger. Muscles help them fight, hide, or move from danger.

The brain enables humans to think and send messages to other parts of the body to help them work properly.

Organs and organ systems are composed of cells and help provide cells with their needs.

People obtain energy from food and materials to grow and repair their body and eliminate waste.

People exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide through respiration.

Skin protects the body from harmful substances, other organisms, and keeps them from drying out.

The brain receives and sends signals to enable humans to think and influence the body to work properly.

Interactions among the senses, nerves, and brain make possible the learning that humans use to adapt.

The digestive system breaks food down into molecules that are absorbed and transported to the cells.

To oxidize food for the release of energy oxygen is supplied to cells and carbon dioxide removed. Lungs make this exchange.

The urinary system disposes of dissolved waste molecules, the intestinal tract removes solid wastes, and the skin and lungs rid the body of heat energy.

The circulatory system moves all substances to or from the cells where they are needed or produced responding to changes.

Specialized cells and tahe molecules they produce identify and destroy microbes.

Hormones are chemicals from glands that affect other body parts in response to danger, regulate growth development, reproduction, and other changes.

People use their senses to learn about their environment and themselves.

Different senses give us different information.

We can learn to improve or abilities to use our senses.

People learn by deliberately trying to understand and do better with practice, effort, and strategy.

People learn through thinking and doing, telling and listening, showing and watching, and imitating others.

People have different interests, motivations, and abilities.

People use their memory of past experiences to make decisions.

Many skills can be practiced until they become automatic.

People tend to repeat behaviors that feel good or have pleasant consequences and avoid behaviors that have bad or unpleasant consequences.

Learning means using what one already knows to make sense of new experiences or information.

When people attend to one signal it reduces their ability to attend to others at the same time.

Behavior is affected by both inheritance and experience.

The level of skill a person attains depends on innate abilities, the amount of practice, and the use of appropriate learning technologies.

Learning usually results from two perceptions or actions occuring at the same time. The more often the same combinations occurs, the stronger the mental connection between them. Occasionally a single vivid experience will connect two things permanently in people's minds.

Language and tools enable people to learn complicaed and varied things from each other.

Eating a good diet, exercise, and rest helps people stay healthy.

Somethings taken into the body may hurt you.

Some diseases are caused by germs. Diseases caused by germs can be spread to other people.

Washing hands with soap and water reduces germs.

Vacinations and other scientific treatments protect people from getting some diseases.

Food provides energy and materials for growth and repair of body parts.

Vitamines and minerals are essential to keep a body functioning well.

As people grow the amounts and kinds of food and exercise needed by the body may change.

Tobacco, alcohol, other drugs, and certain poisons in the environment (pesticides, lead) can harm people and other living organisms.

The body defends against germs with tears, saliva, skin, blood cells, stomach secretions. A healthy body can fight off most germs. However, there are some germs that will interfer with the body's defenses.

There are normal ranges for body measurements (temperature, heart rate, what is in the blood and urine) that are used to diagnose peoples state of health.

Tools (thermometers, exrays, MRI,) help us collect data from inside the body.

Technology has made it possible to replace and repair some body parts.

Sanitation measures (sewers, landfills, quarantines, food handling) are important to control the spread of disease. Improved sanitation has saved more people that any medical treatment.

The amount of food a person requires varies with body weight, age, sex, activity level, and the natural body's efficiency.

Regular exercise helps to maintain a healthy heart/lung system, good muscle tone, and bone strength.

Toxic substances, dietary habits, and personal behavior may be bad for one's health. Some effects may show up right away and others not for years.

Viruses, basteria, fungi, and parasites may infect people and interfere with normal body functions.

White blood cells engulf invaders or produce antibodies that attack them or mark them for attack by white blood cells. The antibodies will remain to attack later similar invaders.

Good health requires monitoring the air, water, and soil to assure their safety.

Measuring levels of substances in body fluids allows comparisons to be made to determine a persons state of health and how treatments are affecting the patient.

Chemical substances (insulin, blood, hormones) are becoming available through manufacuring to help people whose own bodies are unable to produce the necessary amounts for good health.

People have different feelings (sad, anger, fear) about themselves, events, and other people.

People react to problems in different ways and some ways are more likely to help them than others (talk to a friend, counselor, relative, teacher)

Different people handle their feelings in different ways.

Sometimes people don't uderstand why they or others act or feel the way they do.

Physical health can affect the emotional well-being and emotional well-being can affect physical health.

One can respond to strong feelings by either seeking or avoiding similar situations.

People differ in their ability to cope with stressful situations.

External and internal conditions (chemistry, personal history, values) effect how people behave.

Often people react to mental distress by denying they have a problem. Sometimes they don't know why they feel the way they do, but with help they can sometimes recover.