Concepts for Postion, Motion, and Force
Position
|
Primary |
Intermediate |
Middle |
| An
object's position can change. . |
An object is located relative to a reference object. | Objects can be located with different combinations of distances and directions from a singular point or multiple points. (one point as a reference object can be used to locate another point or object with a distance and direction.) (An object or point can be located from two know points with a distance and direction from one point and either a distance or a direction from the second point.) |
Motion
| Objects
move in different ways (straight, crocked, circular, and back and forth). Objects move fast and slow. |
An
object’s motion can be described by tracing and measuring its position over
time. Motion is relative to a reference point. Motion can be too fast or slow for people to see. Objects move steadily or change direction. Objects that make sound vibrate. |
Motion
of an object can be described by its position, direction of motion, and
speed. Motion can be measured and represented on a graph. |
Force
| An
object can be moved with a push or pull. The distance of the motion is related to the size of the push or pull. Objects near the Earth fall unless held. Magnets can make some objects move. |
Force,
mass, and movement are related. The greater the force, the greater the change
of direction. Friction is a force that can slow an object. The Earth's gravity pulls objects toward the center of the Earth. Magnets push or pull other magnets and objects made from iron or cobalt. Electricity can push and pull other objects. |
An
object that is not being subjected to a force will continue to move at a
constant speed and in a straight line. If more than one force acts on an object along a straight line, then the forces will reinforce or cancel one another, depending on their direction and magnitude. Unbalanced forces will cause changes in the speed or direction of an object’s motion. All objects have a gravitational force that interacts with another objects gravitational force proportional to the masses and distances. Electricity and magnetism can exert a force on each other. |